Optimal Design of the Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Connected to the Network Utilizing an Improved Version of the Metaheuristic Algorithm

Fuel cells are a newly developed source for generating electric energy. These produce electricity through chemical reaction between oxygen and hydrogen, which releases electrons. In recent years, extensive research has been conducted in this field, leading to the emergence of high-power batteries. This study introduces novel technique enhance power quality grid-connected proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. The proposed approach uses an inverter following buck converter that reduces voltage. A modified pelican optimization (MPO) algorithm optimizes controller firing. comparison is made controller’s performance, based on recommended MPO various other approaches, demonstrating superior efficiency algorithm. study’s findings indicate current–voltage relationship (PEMFCs) follows logarithmic pattern, but becomes linear presence ohmic overvoltage. Furthermore, PEMFC operates at impressive 60.43% when running 8 A, it can deliver significant output under specific operating conditions. surpasses strategies terms reduction voltage deviation, highlighting its effectiveness managing stability, improving overall performance. Even during 0.2 sagging event, MPO-based successfully maintains cell near rated value, showcasing robustness optimized regulators. suggested also achieves accuracy maintaining stability across